“Voluntary Departure” vs. “Self-Deportation”?

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They may sound similar.
But they are NOT the same — and choosing the wrong one can affect your future in America.

What Is Happening Now?

Right now, the U.S. government is encouraging some immigrants to leave through a program called:

“Self-Departure” (also known as “Self-Deportation”)
Using the CBP Home App

They are advertising:

  • A payment of about $2,600

  • A chance to leave on your own

This can make people think it is the same as Voluntary Departure.

It is NOT the same.

Here is what you need to understand before making any decision.

Do You Know the Difference Between
“Voluntary Departure”
and “Self-Deportation”?

Voluntary Departure is a legal process approved by:

  • An Immigration Judge, or

  • The Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

It allows you to leave the U.S. without having a removal (deportation) order on your record — if you follow all the rules.

Main Benefit:

You avoid a deportation order, which can create serious problems for future reentry to the U.S.

Voluntary Departure is usually available to:

  • People who are already in immigration court

  • People with an asylum or another case pending

It is part of the legal court system, not just an app.

There are two stages for Voluntary Departure:

1️⃣ Pre-Conclusion VD (Early in Court)

  • Requested early in your case (for example, at a Master Calendar hearing)

  • You may get up to 120 days to leave

  • Usually easier to qualify

  • Often, no bond is required at this stage

2️⃣ Post-Conclusion VD (At the End of Your Case)

  • Requested after a judge denies asylum or other relief

  • You get up to 60 days to leave

  • You must pay a bond within 5 business days

Voluntary Departure comes with strict rules.

If you do NOT leave on time:

  • It can turn into a deportation order

  • You may face fines

  • You may face long-term or even permanent bars from returning

There is no grace period.

This is why you must be fully prepared before requesting VD.

What Is Voluntary Departure (VD)?

Self-departure through CBP Home is a government program, not a court decision.

You use the app to submit an “Intent to Depart.”

It is mainly for:

  • People who are not currently in immigration court.

  • People living in the U.S. without legal status.

Important:

  • The app does not give you a legal immigration benefit.

  • It does not guarantee that you will be able to return to the U.S. in the future.

  • It does prevent you from getting a deportation order if you leave as instructed.

What Is “Self-Departure” Through the CBP Home App?

Before using the CBP Home app, understand the risks:

  • The government advertises a payment, but there may be no guaranteed legal right to receive it

  • Some people have reported problems getting the money

  • You may be sharing your information with immigration authorities (including ICE)

  • There could still be a risk of arrest before departure

It does NOT erase unlawful presence

It does NOT guarantee future return

Do not assume it is a “safe shortcut.”

Voluntary Departure (VD)
✔️ Is a legal court/DHS decision
✔️ Can protect you from a removal order
✔️ May make it easier to apply to return in the future

CBP Home Self-Departure
⚠️ Is just a registration process
⚠️ It is unclear how it affects your ability to return
⚠️ It does not erase past immigration violations

Before making any decision, especially if you hope to return to the U.S. one day, get legal advice first.

VERY IMPORTANT: If You Have a Court Date

If you are in immigration court, this is critical:

If you leave without properly closing your case, the judge can issue an “in absentia” removal order (a deportation order for missing court).

That removal order can:

  • Create serious barriers to returning

  • Block future visas

  • Damage future immigration options

⚠️ If you have a court date, do NOT just leave using the CBP app without speaking to a lawyer.

You could be deported on paper even if you have already left.

What are the main differences

You should speak to a lawyer before choosing either option — especially if:

  • You have a pending asylum case

  • You have another form of immigration relief available

  • You have an upcoming court hearing

  • You are not sure if you are giving up your right to appeal (VD often requires this)

Every person’s situation is different.

What works for someone else may harm your future.

“Which Option Is Right for Me?”

Need Help? Join Our Free Legal Consultations

Do you have questions about your case?
We offer free online legal consultations every Thursday from 12–1 PM (New York time). You can speak directly with an immigration attorney. Interpreters are available in Spanish, French, and Russian.